2-3 Moroccan Coastal Aquifers: Current Status, Hydrogeological Trends, and Sustainable Management Strategies

Session: Coastal Hydrogeology in an Age of Rising Seas

Presenting Author:

Yassine Ez-zaouy

Authors:

Ez-zaouy, Yassine¹, Bouchaou, Lhoussaine², Saad, Aicha³, Hssaisoune, Mohammed⁴, Busico, Gianluigi⁵, Mastrocicco, Micòl⁶, Ait Brahim, Yassine⁷

Abstract:

Over the past decades, Moroccan coastal aquifers become increasingly vulnerable to seawater intrusion due to prolonged drought, over pumping, and high permeability of geological formations. This phenomenon led to worrying water quality deterioration, rendering it unsuitable for various uses. Addressing seawater intrusion is a critical challenge for ensuring the sustainable solutions of water resources in these fragile coastal regions. To tackle this issue, a comprehensive study was settled along the Moroccan coastline to identify the most affected aquifers, assess their evolution, and evaluate water suitability for irrigation and domestic purposes through a series of tests. A detailed investigation was then carried out in the Souss-Massa region, a key agricultural hub known for high groundwater withdrawals. Using an integrated approach that combines geophysical, chemical, and GIS techniques, this research examined the extent, depth, vulnerability, and risks associated with seawater intrusion. The findings reveal three levels of aquifer degradation: highly, moderately, and slightly impacted. Evolutionary analyses indicate a general trend of increasing salinity across all Moroccan aquifers due to ongoing seawater intrusion. While groundwater remains suitable for some applications, careful monitoring and precautionary measures are necessary. In Souss-Massa, seawater intrusion has already advanced 2500 meters inland and the depth ranges from -1 to -128 meters above sea level. Vulnerability assessments confirm that the most at-risk areas are located along the coastline and riverbeds. Ultimately, a series of management strategies have been proposed to safeguard groundwater resources, predict quality variations, and ensure long-term water availability for future generations.

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Program. Vol. 57, No. 6, 2025

doi: 10.1130/abs/2025AM-4430

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